| 1. |
|
|
| 2. |
- Domellöf, Erik, et al.
(author)
-
Formula feeding supplemented with milk fat globule membranes improves cognitive score in term infants at 12 months
- 2013
-
In: Developmental Medicine & Child Neurology, 55 (Suppl. S2). - : Mac Keith Press. - 0012-1622. ; , s. 50-50
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Introduction: Findings of enhanced cognitive development in breast‐fed compared with formula‐fed infants suggest that breast milk contains neurodevelopmentally beneficial components. Animal studies report positive behavioral effects of supplementation with components included in the bovine milkfat globule membrane fraction (MFGM). Behavioral effects of MFGM supplemented formula in human infants have not been studied. This study tested the hypothesis that infants fed an experimental formula (EF) supplemented with a bovine MFGM fraction would display a more favorable neurofunctional development than infants fed a standard formula (SF) at 12 months.Participants and Methods: Healthy term formula‐fed infants (n = 160) and a breast‐fed reference (BFR) group (n = 80) were included in a prospective double blind randomized trial before 2 months of age. Formula‐fed infants were randomized to receive EF or SF from inclusion until 6 months. At 12 months, cognitive, motor and verbal functions were tested using the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development‐III.Results: The cognitive score was significantly higher in the EF (105.8 ± 9.2) than SF (101.8 ± 8.0) group, but equal between the EF and BFR groups. No differences were found in motor or verbal score between the formula groups. The BFR group displayed higher verbal but not motor scores than the formula groups.Conclusion: In keeping with the hypothesis, feeding infants MFGM supplemented formula resulted in improved cognitive function at 12 months compared with a standard formula. The difference in cognitive score between the EF and SF groups is compliant with calculated differences between formula‐fed and breast‐fed infants in previous studies.
|
|
| 3. |
- Hernell, Olle
(author)
-
Human milk vs. cow's milk and the evolution of infant formulas
- 2011
-
In: MILK AND MILK PRODUCTS IN HUMAN NUTRITION, Editor(s): R.A. Clemens, O. Hernell, K.F. Michaelsen. - Basel : S. Karger AG. - 9783805595865 ; , s. 17-28
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Until the early 20th century, a wet nurse was the only safe alternative to breastfeeding, one reason being that each species has a unique composition of its milk. When techniques for chemical analyses of milks and assessment of the energy requirements of infants became available during the 19th century, reasonably safe breast milk substitutes started to be developed. Successively, these were developed into modern infant formulas during the 20th century using human milk composition as reference and cow's milk as protein source. Even with a composition similar to human milk there are differences in performance between formula-fed and breastfed infants. Novel ingredients and new techniques within the dairy industry will contribute to minimize these differences and so might techniques in molecular biology allowing large scale production of recombinant human milk proteins. This technique may be used for production of bioactive substances present in low concentrations in human milk but absent from bovine milk with proven effect on nutrient utilization or other health benefits. For formulas containing novel ingredients with potent biological activities produced with new techniques it will be extremely important that their safety and efficacy are rigorously evaluated because 'functional effects' are not necessarily the same as health benefits.
|
|
| 4. |
- Hernell, Olle, et al.
(author)
-
Milk Fat Globule Membranes : Effects on Microbiome, Metabolome, and Infections in Infants and Children
- 2020
-
In: Milk, Mucosal Immunity and the Microbiome. - : S. Karger. - 9783318066852 - 9783318066845 ; , s. 133-140
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dietary supplementation with bovine milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) concentrates has recently emerged as a possible means to improve the health of infants and young children, or defense against infections. We identified 5 double-blind, randomized, controlled trials (DBRCT) exploring the effects of supplementing the diet of infants and children with bovine MFGM concentrates on infections. We reviewed 3 studies which found a protective effect against infections at different ages during infancy and early childhood. Two of them have reported effects on the metabolome, and 1 study also on the microbiome and lipidome. MFGM supplementation had moderate, albeit interesting, effects on the oral and fecal microbiome, fecal and serum/plasma metabolome, and serum and erythrocyte membrane lipidome, which also are reviewed. We conclude that studies on MFGM supplementation during infancy and childhood indicate positive effects on the defense against infections and other outcomes, but more high-quality DBRCTs with well-defined MFGM fractions and outcome measures are needed before firm conclusions can be drawn.
|
|
| 5. |
- Hernell, Olle, et al.
(author)
-
Physiological Effects of Feeding Infants and Young Children Formula Supplemented with Milk Fat Globule Membranes
- 2019
-
In: Human Milk. - : S. Karger. ; , s. 35-42
-
Conference paper (peer-reviewed)abstract
- Dietary supplementation with bovine milk fat globule membrane (MFGM) concentrates has recently emerged as a possible means to improve the health of infants and young children. Formula-fed infants are of special interest since infant formulas traditionally have lower concentrations of biologically active MFGM components than human milk. We identified 6 double-blind randomized controlled trials (DBRCT) exploring the effects of supplementing the diet of infants and children with bovine MFGM concentrates. Two studies found a positive effect on cognitive development in formula-fed infants. Three studies found a protective effect against infections at different ages during infancy and early childhood. We conclude that supplementation with MFGM during infancy and childhood appears safe, and the studies indicate positive effects on both neurodevelopment and defense against infections, especially in formula-fed infants. However, due to the small number of studies and the heterogeneity of interventions and outcomes, more high-quality DBRCTs are needed before firm conclusions can be drawn on the likely health benefits of MFGM supplementation to infants and children.
|
|
| 6. |
- Nordyke, Katrina, et al.
(author)
-
Epidemiological research drives a paradigm shift in complementary feeding : the celiac disease story and lessons learnt
- 2010
-
In: Drivers of Innovation in Pediatric Nutrition. - : S. Karger. - 9783805594547 - 9783805594554 ; , s. 65-79
-
Conference paper (other academic/artistic)abstract
- Breast milk is the initial natural food for infants, but already during the second half year complementary feeding is essential. Epidemiological research, first on celiac disease and later on atopic diseases, has driven a paradigm shift with respect to most favorable age to introduce complementary feeding. Simplified, this implies a shift from later to earlier introduction, which is now taken into account in recommendations on infant feeding. Complementary feeding, including all foods, should not be initiated for any infant before 4 months of age, and not later than around 6 months, including infants with elevated disease risk (e.g. for celiac disease or atopic diseases). Motivating reasons could be that ongoing breastfeeding provides an 'immunological umbrella' and/ or a different age interval gives a 'window of opportunity' for developing oral tolerance towards gluten and other food antigens. This will for some infants be in conflict with recent WHO recommendations on exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months. Epidemiology has evolved over time and could, if increasingly used, contribute even more to innovations in pediatric nutrition and other phenomena related to population health.
|
|
| 7. |
|
|
| 8. |
|
|
